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For years I was happy with having networked drives (USB drives attached to AirportExtreme) mount as Login Items. My ISP changed and connectivity, while pretty dang good, has issues. Once unmounted I had the choice of either logging out/in or manually mounting the drives - both a pain in the you know what. Thus began a search for 3rd party solutions which ended with my being perfectly content with Automounter and impressed by developer support. I first tried some others, Remount and Mountain. I bought Remount and was ignorantly blissful until I tried it on my HighSierra machine. Not only is there no mention of the incompatibility (Macupdate or website) the developer was totally unresponsive. Mountain was doing OK but it's developer is likewise incommunicado. I then tried Automounter (sure wish they had a trial version but there is always a refund option from the MAS).Not only does Automounter do all I want it does it more elegantly and efficiently than the others. Only Automounter remounts your drives/shares after any type of interruption with NO action required by the user. Both Mountain and Remount require you to go into their GUI and initiate the remounting process. Mountain does at least offer a keystroke option for said action. Automount can be set to mount drives without any action by you, which is kinda the main point, right? Especially helpful are options for how drives mount (SMB, AFP, etc.), option to choose mount points, and the ability to have preset applications and/or files when a specified drive is mounted. Those latter two items require the additional purchase of 'Pro Settings'.The developer's prompt and kindly support was demonstrated a couple times over the first week. It was needed not due to issues with the application but because of my relative ignorance.I couldn't be happier. Does everything I want how I want.
AutoFS provides automounting of removable media or network shares when they are inserted or accessed.
AutoMounter 1.5.6 – Automatically mount network shares. November 1, 2017 AutoMounter is a sleek and powerful menu item for automatically mounting your network shares, ensuring that your shares are always mounted when you need them. Latest Version: 1.7.1. Licence: $9.99; What does AutoMounter do? Tired of remounting your network shares? AutoMounter ensures that your shares are always mounted when you need them. AutoMounter is a sleek and powerful menu item designed to automatically mount your network shares.
- Added in AutoMounter 1.6, the configuration assistant is the easiest way to add a share to AutoMounter. Mount the shares you want to automatically mount in Finder; Click on the Settings cogwheel, then select 'Configuration Assistant.' Click on the 'Configure' button next to the shares you want to configure within AutoMounter; That's it! The servers and shares will be automatically configured within AutoMounter; Add a server.
- Now access the shared folder on Windows machine. Step 2: Enable sharing on Windows. On Windows, right click on “This PC” or “My Computer”, and select “Add a new connection”. Adding New Connection. Click on “next” button. Adding New Connection.
Installation
Install the autofsAUR package.
Configuration
This article or section needs expansion.
Reason: Mention
auto.master.d
to avoid direct edits to /etc/auto.master
(Discuss in Talk:Autofs).
AutoFS uses template files for configuration which are located in
/etc/autofs
The main template is called auto.master
, which can point to one or more other templates for specific media types.Automounter 1 5 6 – Automatically Mount Network Shares Using
- Open the file
/etc/autofs/auto.master
with your favorite editor, you will see something similar to this:
The first value on each line determines the base directory under which all the media in a template are mounted, the second value is which template to use. The default base path is
/media
, but you can change this to any other location you prefer. For instance:Note: Make sure there is an empty line on the end of template files (press
ENTER
after last word). If there is no correct EOF (end of file) line, the AutoFS daemon will not properly load.Tip: The optional parameter
timeout
sets the amount of seconds after which to unmount directories. Setting this value to 0
will disable the timeout.The base directory will be created if it does not exist on your system. The base directory will be mounted on to load the dynamically loaded media, which means any content in the base directory will not be accessible while autofs is on. This procedure is however non-destructive, so if you accidentally automount into a live directory you can just change the location in
auto.master
and restart AutoFS to regain the original contents.If you still want to automount to a target non-empty directory and want to have the original files available even after the dynamically loaded directories are mounted, you can use autofs to mount them to another directory (e.g. /var/autofs/net) and create soft links.
Alternatively, you can have autofs mount your media to a specific folder, rather than inside a common folder.
Note: This can cause problems with resources getting locked if the connection to the share is lost. When trying to access the folder, programs will get locked into waiting for a response, and either the connection has to be restored or the process has to be forcibly killed before unmounting is possible. To mitigate this, only use if you will always be connected to the share, and do not use your home folder or other commonly used folders lest your file browser reads ahead into the disconnected folder
- Open the file
/etc/nsswitch.conf
and add an entry for automount:
- When you are done configuring your templates (see below), launch the AutoFS daemon as root by enabling and starting the
autofs.service
.
Devices are now automatically mounted when they are accessed, they will remain mounted as long as you access them.
Removable media
Removable devices are assigned block device locations according to the next available spot, e.g. if
/dev/sd{a,b,c}
are already occupied, the next removable media will be given block /dev/sdd
. Instead of assigning a mount point based on an unreliable block device path, a more robust approach is to use the UUID or PARTUUID of the removable media as the location in the map file.For example, to mount a specific USB drive to the path
/mnt/black
, configure the template file and map file:Use
blkid
to find the UUID of the partition to mount, then generate the map file:NFS network mounts
AutoFS provides automatically discovering and mounting NFS-shares on remote servers (the AutoFS network template in
/etc/autofs/auto.net
has been removed in autofs5). To enable automatic discovery and mounting of network shares from all accessible servers without any further configuration, you will need to add the following to the /etc/autofs/auto.master
file:Note: Each host name needs to be resolveable, e.g. the name and IP address in
/etc/hosts
or via DNS and make sure you have nfs-utils installed and configured. You also have to enablerpcbind
to browse shared directories.For instance, if you have a remote server fileserver (the name of the directory is the hostname of the server) with an NFS share named
/home/share
, you can just access the share by typing:Note: Please note that ghosting (i.e. automatically creating directory placeholders before mounting shares) is enabled by default; although, AutoFS installation notes claim to remove that option from
/etc/conf.d/autofs
in order to start the AutoFS daemon.The
-hosts
option uses a similar mechanism as the showmount
command to detect remote shares. You can see the exported shares by typing:Replacing <servername> with the name of your own server.
Manual NFS configuration
To mount a NFS share for file_server on
/srv/shared_dir
at location /mnt/foo
, add a new configuration, e.g. file_server.autofs
:Samba
Single shares
Add the following to
/etc/autofs/auto.master
:where
--timeout
defines how many seconds to wait before the file system is unmounted. The --browse
option creates empty folders for each mount-point in the file in order to prevent timeouts, if a network share cannot be contacted. Next create a file
/etc/autofs/auto.[my_server]
You can specify a user name and password to use with the share in the
other_options
section:Note: Escape $, and other characters, with a backslash when neccessary.
Multiple shares
You may be specify multiple shares in the
/etc/autofs/auto.[my_server]
, for instance:Auto discovery
See the comments in
/etc/autofs/auto.smb
.FTP and SSH (with FUSE)
Remote FTP and SSH servers can be accessed seamlessly with AutoFS using FUSE, a virtual file system layer.
Automounter 1 5 6 – Automatically Mount Network Shares Youtube
Remote FTP
First, install the curlftpfs package.Load the fuse module:
Create a
/etc/modules-load.d/fuse.conf
file containg fuse
to load it on each system boot.Next, add a new entry for FTP servers in
/etc/autofs/auto.master
:Create the file
/etc/autofs/auto.ftp
and add a server using the ftp://myuser:mypassword@host:port/path
format:Note: Your passwords are plainly visible for anyone that can run
df
(only for mounted servers) or view the file /etc/autofs/auto.ftp
.If you want slightly more security you can create the file
~root/.netrc
and add the passwords there. Passwords are still plain text, but you can have mode 600, and df
command will not show them (mounted or not).This method is also less sensitive to special characters (that else must be escaped) in the passwords. The format is:The line in
/etc/autofs/auto.ftp
looks like this without user and password:Create the file
/sbin/mount.curl
with this code:Create the file
/sbin/umount.curl
with this code:Set the permissions for both files:
After a restart your new FTP server should be accessible through
/media/ftp/servername
.Remote SSH
The factual accuracy of this article or section is disputed.
Reason: All the ssh* commands should be executed as the same user, as before this edit. It should not matter if it is root or unprivileged. (Discuss in Talk:Autofs)
These are basic instructions to access a remote filesystem over SSH with AutoFS.
Note: Password-less authentication may be convenient but also has security implications. See SSH keypair for more details
Install the sshfs package.
Load the
fuse
module:Balsamiq mockups 3 5 15 download free. Create a
/etc/modules-load.d/fuse.conf
file containg fuse
to load it on each system boot if you have not one yet.Install openssh.
Generate an SSH keypair:
When the generator ask for a passphrase, just press
ENTER
. Using SSH keys without a passphrase is less secure, yet running AutoFS together with passphrases poses some additional difficulties which are not (yet) covered in this article. Next, copy the public key to the remote SSH server:
As root, see that you can login to the remote server:
Note: This will add the remote server to root's list of
known_hosts
. Hosts can be also be manually added to /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts
.Create a new entry for SSH servers in
/etc/autofs/auto.master
:Create the file
/etc/autofs/auto.ssh
and add an SSH server:After a restart your SSH server should be accessible through
/media/ssh/servername
.MTP
Media Transfer Protocol (MTP) is used in some Android devices.
Install the mtpfs package.
Create a new entry for MTP Device in
/etc/autofs/auto.misc
:Troubleshooting and tweaks
This section contains a few solutions for common issues with AutoFS.
Using NIS
Version 5.0.5 of AutoFS has more advanced support for NIS. To use AutoFS together with NIS, add
yp:
in front of the template names in /etc/autofs/auto.master
:On earlier versions of NIS (before 5.0.4), you should add
nis
to /etc/nsswitch.conf
:Optional parameters
You can set parameters like
timeout
systemwide for all AutoFS media in /etc/default/autofs
:- Open the
/etc/default/autofs
file and edit theOPTIONS
line:
- To enable logging (default is no logging at all), uncomment and add
--verbose
to theOPTIONS
line in/etc/default/autofs
e.g.:
Automounter 1 5 6 – Automatically Mount Network Shares Available
After restarting the
autofs
daemon, verbose output is visible in systemctl status
or in the journal.Automounter 1 5 6 – Automatically Mount Network Shares In Linux
Identify multiple devices
If you use multiple USB drives/sticks and want to easily tell them apart, you can use AutoFS to set up the mount points and Udev to create distinct names for your USB drives. See udev#Setting static device names for instructions on setting up Udev rules.
AutoFS permissions
If AutoFS is not working for you, make sure that the permissions of the templates files are correct, otherwise AutoFS will not start. This may happen if you backed up your configuration files in a manner which did not preserve file modes. Here are what the modes should be on the configuration files:
- 0644 - /etc/autofs/auto.master
- 0644 - /etc/autofs/auto.media
- 0644 - /etc/autofs/auto.misc
- 0644 - /etc/conf.d/autofs
In general, scripts (like previous
auto.net
) should have executable (chmod a+x filename
) bits set and lists of mounts should not.If you are getting errors in
/var/log/daemon.log
similar to this, you have a permissions problem:fusermount problems
With certain versions of util-linux, you may not be able to unmount a fuse file system drive mounted by autofs, even if you use the 'user=' option. See the discussion here:http://fuse.996288.n3.nabble.com/Cannot-umount-as-non-root-user-anymore-tp689p697.html
Debugging auto mount issues
For better debugging you might try running automount in foreground.
Of if you want more debug info than try:
Alternatives to AutoFS
- Systemd can automount filesystems upon demand; see here for the description and the article on sshfs for an example.
- Thunar Volume Manager is an automount system for users of the Thunar file manager.
- PCManFM is a lightweight file manager with built-in support for accessing remote shares
- Udisks is a minimalistic automatic disk mounting service
See also
Automounter 1 5 6 – Automatically Mount Network Shares
- FTP and SFTP usage with AutoFS is based on this Gentoo Wiki article: https://web.archive.org/web/20130414074212/http://en.gentoo-wiki.com/wiki/Mounting_SFTP_and_FTP_shares
- More information on SSH can be found on the SSH and Using SSH Keys pages of this wiki.
- Ubuntu's Autofs help wiki is at https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Autofs
- For filesystem specific mount options check https://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/focal/man8/mount.8.html#filesystem-specific%20mount%20options
- For fuse specific mount options check https://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/precise/man8/mount.fuse.8.html
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